'''
    Tkinter Number Guessing Game
    Guess the random number between 1 and 100
'''
import tkinter as tk
from random import randint

class Model:
    '''
        Model class handles comparison and generate a random number
    '''
    def __init__(self, number=None):
        self.number = number

    def __lt__(self, other):
        return self.number < other.number

    def __gt__(self, other):
        return self.number > other.number

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return self.number == other.number

    def rnd_num(self):
        return randint(1, 100)

class View:
    '''
        View class handles the gui view
    '''
    def __init__(self, parent):
        # Set class variables and configure root grid
        parent.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        parent.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        # Container will hold all widgets
        container = tk.Frame(parent, relief='ridge', border=3)
        container.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='news')
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=3)

        # Create our header widget
        header = tk.Label(container)
        header['text'] = 'Tkinter Number Guessing Game'
        header['font'] = (None, 16, 'bold')
        header['fg'] = 'blue'
        header.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)

        # Create the direction header
        header2 = tk.Label(container, anchor='w')
        header2['text']= 'Choose a number between 1 and 100'
        header2['bg'] = 'lightyellow'
        header2.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)

        # try_frame will hold the permanent static text as well as the variable text
        try_frame = tk.Frame(container)
        try_frame.grid(column=0, row=2, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)
        try_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=0)
        try_frame.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=3)

        # Static text label
        try_text = tk.Label(try_frame, anchor='w')
        try_text['text'] = 'Tries:'
        try_text['font'] = (None, 10, 'bold')
        try_text.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='new')

        # Variable text label
        self.try_guesses = tk.Label(try_frame, anchor='w', text='0')
        self.try_guesses['font'] = (None, 10, 'normal')
        self.try_guesses.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='nw')

        # Entry field for entering a number
        self.entry = tk.Entry(container)
        self.entry.focus()
        self.entry.grid(column=0, row=3, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)

        # A Button for submitting a number
        self.button = tk.Button(container, text='Guess')
        self.button.grid(column=0, row=4, padx=5, pady=3, sticky='ne')

        # msg_frame will hold various message that will be displayed
        msg_frame = tk.Frame(container, relief='ridge')
        msg_frame['borderwidth'] = 1
        msg_frame.grid(column=0, row= 5, sticky='new', padx=8)
        msg_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=0)
        msg_frame.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=3)

        # msg_header will hold static text
        msg_header = tk.Label(msg_frame, text='MSG:', anchor='w', padx=5)
        msg_header['font'] = (None, 10, 'bold')
        msg_header.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)

        # self.msg is a label for displaying dynamic/changing text messages
        self.msg = tk.Label(msg_frame, anchor='w')
        self.msg['text'] = ''
        self.msg['font'] = (None, 10, 'normal')
        self.msg.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='new', padx=5, pady=3)

class Controller:
    '''
        Controller class will handle communications between Model and View classes
    '''
    def __init__(self, view):
        '''
            Set some instant variables and get our first random number
        '''
        self.view = view
        self.rand_number = Model().rnd_num()
        self.counter = 0

        # Set out button command and also bind the Return/Enter keys as well as
        # number pad enter key to the entry field. This allows us to press them
        # as well as use the submit button
        self.view.button['command'] = lambda x=self.view.entry: self.callback(self.view.entry)
        self.view.entry.bind('<Return>', lambda x: self.callback(self.view.entry))
        self.view.entry.bind('<KP_Enter>', lambda x: self.callback(self.view.entry))

    def callback(self, arg):
        '''
            Callback function does some error checking and does the comparison
            of entered number and the random number. The try block ensures that
            only whole numbers are entered. If no errors continue to the else block
        '''
        try:
            number = int(arg.get())
        except ValueError:
            self.view.msg['text'] = 'Error! Only whole numbers are allowed.'
            self.view.msg['fg'] = 'red'
        else:
            # Set a text color for messages, increase counter, update counter text
            self.view.msg['fg'] = 'blue'
            self.counter += 1
            self.view.try_guesses['text'] = f'{self.counter}'

            # Do the comparison and return the correct message
            if Model(number=number) > Model(number=self.rand_number):
                self.view.msg['text'] = f'{number} is too high.'
            if Model(number) < Model(self.rand_number):
                self.view.msg['text'] = f'{number} is too low.'
            if Model(number) == Model(self.rand_number):
                self.view.msg['text'] = f'Congradulations! You guessed the number {self.rand_number}'
                self.view.msg['fg'] = 'green'

                # The correct number has been guessed, call this function to disable some of
                # the functions and change the button text and command to call the reset function
                self.disable()
        
        # Clear the entry field
        self.view.entry.delete(0, tk.END)

    def disable(self):
        '''
            This function disables some of the widgets and
            changes the button text and command
        '''
        self.view.entry.unbind('<Return>')
        self.view.entry.unbind('<KP_Enter>')
        self.view.entry['state'] = 'disabled'
        self.view.button['text'] = 'Reset'
        self.view.button['command'] = self.reset

    def reset(self):
        '''
         Reset function restores all counts functions and widgets
        '''
        self.counter = 0
        self.view.button['text'] = 'Guess'
        self.view.button['command'] = lambda x=self.view.entry: self.callback(self.view.entry)
        self.view.entry.bind('<Return>', lambda x: self.callback(self.view.entry))
        self.view.entry.bind('<KP_Enter>', lambda x: self.callback(self.view.entry))
        self.view.entry['state'] = 'normal'
        self.view.try_guesses['text'] = '0'
        self.view.msg['text'] = ''
        self.view.entry.delete(0, tk.END)
        self.rand_number = Model().rnd_num()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.title('Tkinter Number Guessing Game')
    root.update()
    root.minsize(500, root.winfo_height())
    controller = Controller(View(root))
    root.mainloop()